Effects of genotype and environment on source-sink relationships in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): III. Effects of source-sink manipulations on seed yield and yield components of sesame
1998
Ahnon Tiangtrong (Maejo Univ., Chiang Mai (Thailand). Faculty of Agricultural Production. Dept. of Agronomy)
Source-sink relationships in sesame were investigated by measuring responses to manipulation of the source-sink ratio through either removal of leaves (source) or capsules (sink). Removal of up to 75 percent of leaves subtending capsules had relatively little effect on seed yield and its components in cv. Aceitera and Takli, suggesting that the single leaf is able to support the development of the four adjacent flowers. All sesame cultivars responded far more markedly to capsule removal than defoliation. Removal of 75 percent of capsules was accompanied by substantial decreases in seed yield, total dry weight and harvest index, but increases in seed weight per capsule in remaining capsules ranging from 45-138 percent depending on cultivar. Increases in seed weight per capsule were due largely to an increase in seed number per capsule in case of cv. Hnan Dun and associated with increases in both seed number per capsule and seed size in case of cv. Takli. The results indicate that seed yield is primarily determined by sink capacity during the phase of seed development. Differences between cultivars in reproductive development have had a marked influence of the contribution of assimilates to developing seeds, the determinate cultivars (Hnan Dun and Takli) being far more efficient than the indeterminate cultivar (Aceitera).
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