Studies on growth and yield of some corn hybrids under paddy soil condition
1996
Sukapong Vayuparp
Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important economic crops of Thailand which used to be exported with the value of 8,000-10,000 million baht per year. Its production, however, is not enough for the national demand at present and has to import in some years. This is due to two main factors: the one is the increasing demand of corn grain for raw material to feed mill factories and the other is decreasing in planting area from 12 million rai in 1985/86 to 8.37 million rai nowadays. One of the possibility to solve this problem is to plant corn in paddy fields in the dry season by using supplementary irrigation. Therefore, the research for high yield performance hybrid corn varieties grown under paddy field in the dry season should be made to examine its adaptabilities. In this study, the twelve high yielding potential corn hybrids were planted at two population densities, 8,533 and 10,666 plants per rai at Chai Nat Field Crop Research Center. The experimental design was 2*12 factorial in randommized complete block. The experiments were conducted in Rachaburi soil series (soil order inceptisol) three consecutive growing seasons: dry season, early rainy season (1994) and dry season (1995). SW 3701 gave the highest yield (721 kilogram per rai) whereas check variety, SW3101 produced 630 kilogram per rai. High population gave lower yield than the recommended population (626 vs 678 kilogram per rai). Early rainy season produced greater yield than the other seasons. Leaf area index (LAI), total biomass, number of leaf chlorosis and plant height were correlated with growth stage. The 50 percent silking date was not affected by planting seasons and varieties, but increasing in plant population retared silking date.
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