Physiological regulation of seed size, number and filling in sunflower
1998
Sakac, Z. | Cupina, T. | Miklic, V. (Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Yugoslavia))
High seed yields are a result of a large number of seeds, i.e. a significant number of plants per unit area, where plant distribution has a more important role than the mere number of plants per unit area. The number of filled seeds in the head depends on the nitrogen content of the leaves during seed formation and seed fill. A high leaf nitrogen content after flowering provides good leaf functioning and seed fill. Water deficits during the first 40 days after flowering lead to great seed yield losses. A lack of water during this critical periods has more effect on seed number than 1000-seed mass, and it also decreases oil content. After an analysis of seed yield components in sunflower, we have concluded that seed number per meter square is the main component of sunflower yield. Thousand-seed mass can provide only limited compensation. In breeding sunflower, it is better to try to attain a large number of seeds per unit area by increasing plant number per hectare than by increasing seed number per plant.
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