Preservation of humus reserves - main agroecological problem
2002
Abzhalelov, A.B. | Sadanov, A.K. | Askarova, U.B.
Aim of investigation is to reveral the possibility of increase of soil fertility at use of different doses of nitric fertilizers jointly with organic materials. It is determined that nitrogen doses 90 and 120 kg/ha in combination with lignin and straw exert a positive influence on humus accumulation and at minimum dose (60 kg/ha) of nitrogen its content in soil is a bit lower but as compared to control the amount of humus increases by 39-52 %. In variants N90 + lignin and N120 + straw accumulation of humus makes correspondingly 1.46 and 1.41 %. On the average, in soils where nitric fertilizers are place in jointly with lignin the amount of bulk humus is higher than in variants with use of rice straw. Aftereffect of crop residues leads to a considerable increase of humus content in soil. Maximum percentage of bulk humus accumulation is observed in variant N90 + lignin where in May it is equal to 1.24, in July - 1.68 and in September - 1.76. The efficiency of action of mean (90 kg/ha) doses of nitric fertilizers and organic materials is well revealed at determination of total reserves and humus balance. Here humus reserves increase up to 52.37 t/ha (N90 + lignin). In control and in variants with placement of only nitric fertilizers its reserves make from 19.5 to 30.9 t/ha. It is determined that in soils of control variant the intense degradation of meadow-swamp soils humus took place. This phenomenon may be eliminated only by organic materials which are the reserve of not only soil nutrients but a potential resource for formation of humic compounds.
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