Do we have better white corn genetics for marginal uplands
2002
Guzman, P.S. (Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Plant Breeding Alejandro, F.R.
There are approximately 0.85 million has. of marginal uplands planted to native corn in the Philippines. To provide better corn genetics for farmers in those areas, a study was conducted to compare the performance and stability for yield of native corn with improved white corn varieties in seven marginal upland environments. Eighteen varieties, including two native varieties, were evaluated in a 6x3 alpha (0.1) lattice design with four replications during the 2000 wet season and 2000-2001 dry seasons. The Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model was used to analyze the genotype x environment interaction, which was found to be significant in the combined ANOVA. AMMI analysis showed high variability in both main effects and interaction. AG5355, a commercial hybrid, had the highest mean yield among the entries but its principal component (PC) score suggested that it is adapted to specific environments. USM Var 10 exhibited the highest yield among the OPVs and revealed a PC score closest to zero but they have below average yields. The native varieties showed below average performance and limited adaptability. The yield of the native corn varieties was 31% less than the improved varieties. Based on the results of this study the authors distributed seeds of USM Var 10 to 400 marginal upland corn farmers in Sarangani, Cotabato, Leyte, and Isabela. In this study the authors found out that not all recommended varieties are adapted to marginal uplands and they suggest that testing should be conducted in these environments to address the varietal needs of corn farmers in these areas
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