Development of modern rice varieties: impacts on food security and poverty
2001
Bouis, H.E.
It is well documented that the development of modern varieties of rice has contributed importantly to higher growth rates of agricultural output, lower cereal prices, and increased demand for farm labor, all of which have stimulated faster growth in the nonfarm economy. These developments have probably reduced poverty significantly, although rigorous studies of the counterfactual situation had rice yields remained low are a complex and difficult undertaking. Some earlier investigations did find that higher-income farmers with relatively large landholdings were the first to adopt modern varieties. However, later studies concluded that poorer farmers were equally likely to adopt this scale-neutral technology, although with some lag compared with larger farmers, when policies did not distort input markets (e.g., subsidization of credit and mechanization).
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