[Legislation and control the utilization of agrochemical substances: Direction and efficiency development of policy and measurement on import toxic substance (pesticide) usage in the present]
1999
Kwanchai Sombatsiri (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Entomology)
In order to better control the utilization of agrochemicals for pest, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, in 1991 had revised and amended the Toxic Substance Act B.E. 2510 (1967) and B.E. 2516 (1973). Such revision included the phased registration scheme which had followed closely the guideline prescribed by FAO international code of conduct on the distribution and use of pesticides that are effectively control pest and save to human, animals and environment. Phased registration scheme consists of 3 steps: 1. Trial (or experimental) clearance 2. Provisional (or limited) clearance 3. Commercial (or full) registration Later in 1992, Ministry of Industry has prescribed the Hazardous Substance Act, B.E. 2535 by repealing the two former Acts. Harzardous substance includes the following substances: 1. Explosives 2. Flammable substance 3. Oxidizing agent and peroxide 4. Toxic substance 5. Substance causing diseases 6. Radioactive substance 7. Mutant causing substance 8. Corrosive substance 9. Irritating substance 10. Other substance either chemicals or otherwise which may cause injury to the persons, animals, plants, property or environment. Depite the effort by the government to control and prevent impact and detrimental effects upon human-animal health and environment from the use of hazardous substance, the adversed effects from toxic substance usage still exist in some extent. These problems and impacts can be summarized as follows: 1. Residues of insecticides in agricultural products. 2. Land and water contamination from insecticidal residues. 3. Hazards to the user and animal. 4. Lacking of knowledge on proper use of appropriate insecticide among farmers. 5. Large number of insecticides available in the market does not comply with related law and regulation 6. Rather limited of human resources and laboratory facilities within the Regulatory Division.
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