An overview of sweet cherry clonal rootstocks
2002
Jaenes, H. | Pae, A. (Academical Agricultural Society, Tartu (Estonia))
For many years in many cherry growing districts the most widespread rootstocks have been mazzard (P. avium) and mahaleb (P. mahaleb) seedlings of high vigour and late bearing time. Mahaleb has been the most widespread seedling rootstock also in Estonia. Sweet cherry growers would prefere in their orchards dwarf on semidwarf trees which are productive with good fruit quality, easily harvested and early fruiting. The rootstocks must have good graft compatibility with many cultivars and to be easily propagated. Up to present many new rootstocks have been introduced from various breeding programs over the world. The most clonal rootstocks are the clones of Prunus hybrids. From East Malling Experimental Station 'Colt' and F12/1 now very widespread rootstocks. 'Colt has a good graft compatibility with many cultivars but is considered to be not sufficiently winterhardy. 'Charger' also comes from East Malling. In Germany, at the University of Giessen crosses of different Prunus forms have been carried out and clones of 'Gisela' were released. At the University of Weihenstepan types of P. cerasus were selected. At the research station in Gembloux, Belgium, three interesting rootstocks 'Inmil', 'Damil' and 'Camil' were selected. 'Inra SL 64' and 'Tabel Edabriz' are from France. In USA rootstocks 'Maxma Delbard 14' and 'Brokforest' are the most known, both originated in Oregon. In Russia on the principle new genetical base by interspecific hybridization many interesting clonal rootstocks were bred. These rootstocks include in their genome gene A which is able to control the resistance to coccomycosis. From 1999 VP-1, 'Rubin', OVP-2 and OVP-3 are officially recommended as sweet cherry rootstocks for Russian Federation. The perspective rootstocks are V-2-180, V-2-230 and V-5-88
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