Application of DNA markers in oil palm breeding
1998
Jack, P.I. | James, C. | Price, Z. | Rance, K. | Groves, L. | Corley, R.H.V. | Nelson, S. | Rao, V.
We are using DNA marker technology in four main areas. These are: a. genetic fingerprinting, b. marker tagging of simply-inherited traits, c. analysis of quantitative traits (QTLs) and d. genetic diversity studies. To support these activities we have developed a range of tools, including a 140 point RFLP linkage map and a suite of hybridisation and PCR-base marker systems. Genetic fingerprinting is being used to confirm the legitimacy of breeding progenies. Traditionally we have used RFLP probes for this work but this approach is now being replaced with multi-locus PCR systems. In time, these assays will be transferred to plantation laboratories Gene tagging targets include the shell thickness gene (Sh) for which RFLC and PCR markers are available as well as the Virescens (Vir) gene. Markers for the farmer will be used as an aid to quality control in tenera seed production, as well as in selection of pisifera types in trialling. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis, has been used to help identify individual genetic entities underlying yield components such as bunch weight and number, oil to bunch and oil to dry mesocarp ratios, fresh fruit yield, leaf area and shell to fruit ratio. Trialling in Thailand has identified a number of candidate QTLs. These have been evaluated in the same population trialled in Indonesia. Finally, DNA markers are being used to assess genetic relationships and distance. For example, markers have been used to explore different Deli dura populations, to quantify variation in AVROS material and to relate these to modern African breeding programmes
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