Processing of chitosan from tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) shell and its protein coagulation test

English. An experiment was conducted to study the processing condition of chitosan produced from tiger shrimp shell powder, and its performance in coagulating protein contained in dried shrimp processing liquid waste. Chitin was extracted by process of demineralization using HCl 1.25 N and deproteination using NaOH 3 percent. The chitin was then deacetylated to produce chitosan at 100 deg., 110 deg., and 120 deg. C for 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The yield, chemical and physico-chemical characteristics (moisture and ash content, degree of deacetylation, and viscosity) of chitosan were assessed. Chitosan produced was then tested to coagulate the protein contained in liquid waste of dried shrimp processing in the amount of 300; 900; 1,800; and 2,700 mg/L based on the yield and characteristics (protein, fat, ash, and moisture content) of the precipitated protein. Result of the experiment revealed that the optimum processing condition was achieved at 120 deg. C for 90 min. The protein coagulation of chitosan increased with the increase of chitossan added. Addition of 2,700 mg of chitosan per liter of liquid waste could produce 9 g of precipitate containing 91 percent protein, 1.5 percent fat, and less than 1 percent ash (in dry bases). These results indicated that chitosan was potential to be used as protein coagulant for fish processing liquid wastes

Indonesian. Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi proses pengolahan khitosan dari tepung kulit udang windu (Penaeus monodon) dan kinerja khitosan yang dihasilkan dalam mengkoagulasikan protein dari cairan sisa pengolahan ebi. Khitenin diekstrak melalui proses demineralisasi dengan HCl 1,25N dan deproteinasi dengan NaOH 3 persen. Selanjutnya khitin dideasetilasi menjadi khitosan pada suhu 100 derajat, 110 derajat dan 120 derajat C selama 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Khitosan yang dihasilkan diamati rendemen serta kimia dan sifat fisiko-kimianya (kadar air, kadar abu, derajat deasetilasi, dan viskositas). Khitosan yang diperoleh kemudian diuji untuk mengkoagulasikan protein dari cairan sisa pengolahan ebi dengan jumlah 300, 900, 1800, dan 2.700 mg/L cairan berdasarkan pengamatan rendemen dan karakteristik (kadar protein, lemak, air dan abu) dari endapan protein yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi proses terbaik tercapai pada suhu 120 derajat C dengan waktu 90 menit. Kemampuan khitosan untuk mengkoagulasikan protein dari cairan sisa pengolahan ebi menunjukkan peningkatan dengan meningkatnya jumlah khitosan yang digunakan. Cairan khitosan dengan konsentrasi 2.700 mg/L dapat menghasilkan endapan sebanyak 9 g dengan kandungan protein 91 persen, lemak 1,5 persen dan abu kurang dari 1 persen (bobot kering). Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa khitosan potensial digunakan sebagai koagulan bagi limbah cair pengolahan ikan