Management strategies in salt-affected rice-based farming systems in Masantol, Pampanga [Philippines]
2001
Lopez, M.V.
Results of the study showed that early transplanting of rice (up to two weeks after recession of the deepest flood of the rainy season) was an affective way of avoiding the adverse effects of salinity as shown by better growth and yield. Of the three cultivars tested, PSB RC 48 was the most adapted to salinity and flooding. Fish integration was found to fit in pre-rice, concurrently early transplanted and post-rice culture whether for grow-out operation or fingerling production. Integration in ricefields was made feasible by the transplanting method, not before practiced for high yielding varieties in the study site. Tilapia was more adapted for integration than milkfish and provision of supplemental feeding improved its size and weight. Dike farming/gardening was made possible by empoldering. Initially, salinity in the elevated dikes shortened the life span, reduced growth, yield and quality of vegetables. Over time, the salinity decreased. The rice + fish + vegetable crops farming system was able to alleviate the problems caused by salinity and flooding by: (1) increased land use intensity; (2) reduced risk of failure as risk was spread among the component crops and fish in the farming system; (3) increased availability of employment with increased labor requirements of the three farm enterprises; and (4) reduced cost of production by utilization of locally available biological resources. Farmers' reactions to the rice and fish and vegetable crops farming system indicated that they understood the system to be technically feasible, economically viable, ecologically sound, socially and culturally acceptable and easily adaptable
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