Contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain yield and nitrogen content in spring barley
2003
Przulj, N. | Momcilovic, V. | Djuric, V. (Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro))
Growing kernel of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) can be supplied with carbohydrate and nitrogen (N) from current assimilation or from translocation of pre-anthesis accumulated reserves, which are stored in the vegetative plant parts. This study was conducted to assess the contribution of pre-anthesis accumulated dry matter (DM) and N to grain yield and N content in spring barley. Eight spring barley cultivars were grown on a non-calcareous chernozem soil in three growing seasons (1995-1997) at Novi Sad (45 deg 20' N, 15 deg 51' E, 86 m asl) at two N levels- low and high N level. Pre-anthesis DM contributed to total DM at anthesis 44, 33, and 31% in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. DM translocation occurred only in favourable growing conditions. The cultivars did not differ in vegetative DM at anthesis and maturity and yield. N accumulated at pre-anthesis represented 92, 68, and 51% at the low N level and 138, 76, and 54% of total N at maturity at the high N level in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. Depending on the year and N level, translocated N across cultivars represented 34-171% of grain N. Nitrogen losses occurred when anthesis N exceeded 150 kg/ha. Selection of genotypes with a higher ability of pre-anthesis reserve utilization or genotypes with efficient post-anthesis DM and N accumulation may be two possible solutions in spring barley breeding for semiarid growing conditions.
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