Biology and control of Mycogone perniciosa Magn. causing wet bubble disease of white button mushroom
2003
Sharma, V.P. | Singh, C.(Y.S.Parmar University of Horticulture And Forestry, Solan (India))
Very high incidence of wet bubble disease was recorded during 1998-2000 in different mushroom units of H.P. and Haryana. Artificial inoculation at casing application stage resulted in maximum (78.75%) yield reduction with 0.5 per cent inoculum load. The average time for symptom production was 12 days. All the strains ofAgaricus bisporus (Sn, Si6 and HUs) and A. bitorquis (K32) included in the study were found to be susceptible. M. perniciosa was found to remain viable for 1 year or more under natural dry conditions. Water splash was observed to transmit the disease upto 50 cm effectively, however, the greatest amount of spore dispersal occurred in excess run-off water from infected bags. Physical contact and mushroom flies especially phorids could also transmit the disease to some extent. Thermal death point for mycelium, conidia and chlamydospore of M. perniciosa was observed to be between 40-42ø C, 42-44ø C and 46- 48ø C, respectively. Prochloraz manganese proved to be the best fungicide in controlling wet bubble disease, however, formalin (2%), chlorothalonil and dithiocarbamates (dithane M-45 and dithane Z- 78) also gave good control of the disease.
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