Influence of boron stress on biomass, yield, metabolism and quality of groundnut
2002
Sinha, P. | Dube, B.K. | Chatterjee, C. (Lucknow University, Lucknow (India). Botany Dept)
Groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.) var. T 3 was grown in refined sand at acute deficiency to excess i.e. 0.3, 3.0,15,30, 150 and 300 uM of boron. Visible foliar symptoms of boron deficiency (0.3 uM) initiated on young leaves as interveinal chlorosis later leading to necrosis. The growth of plants was considerably reduced, due to condensation of internodes and the affected leaves were reduced in size, became thick, brittle and deshaped. Concentrations higher and lower than adequate boron (30 uM) inhibited pod and kernel (seed) formation in groundnut. The concentration of boron in leaves and kernel increased with an increase in boron supply but its concentration in kernels was lower (2 to 80 ug g-l) than that in leaves (6.5 to 220 ug g-I). Besides growth reduction, excess boron effects were marginal chlorosis and necrosis of older leaves. Both low (0.3 uM) and excess boron (300 uM) increased the activity of peroxidase, acid phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase significantly. Boron stress (both deficiency and excess) increased the concentration of sugars, starch and phenols in leaves but decreased that of proteins and oil in kernels of groundnut. In leaves, the values of deficiency, threshold of deficiency. threshold of toxicity and toxicity were 6.8, 15,74 and 106 ug g-1 in leaves and 6.2, 11.5, 50 and 72 ug g-1 dry weight of kernels of groundnut.
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