Life cycle, survivorship and life expectancy of ground spider (Lycosa wroughtoni) in citrus orchard
2001
Saleem, M.T.
Due to its importance as part of IPM, spider plays a key role in biological control program, Hence, it was felt necessary to study the life cycle, survivorship and mortality of Lycosa wroughtoni (Araneae Lycosidae), the third most abundant predatory species of ground floor in citrus orchard. The life cycle was observed in laboratory, which started with egg sac collection from the field along with the gravid females and released into the spider cages. The incubation period ranged from 18-23 days. The hatchability under laboratory condition was 86.96%. The average duration, which spiderlings span on their mother, was 5.16 days. An overall mean duration of 3rd spiderlings stage was 6.08 days of all the spiderlings hatched from six cocoons. At the fourth spiderlings stage, duration was 7.43 days. In the 5th stage, spiderlings spent an average of 9.33 days. The 6th and 7th spiderlings stages lasted a total of 16.08 and 21.36 days respectively. During the 8th spiderlings stage, the duration was somewhat long which was 29.38 days. The overall average duration of 9th spiderlings stage of 6 cocoons was maximum and it was recorded as 43.56 days. On average from hatching to adult stage, the spiderlings lasted 132.90 days to attained maturity. Greater, mortality was observed in 3rd and 4th spiderlings stages which were 12.29% and 13.50% respectively decreasing thereafter and reaching to 1.29% in 9th spiderlings stage. The overall %age mortality was 57.19%.
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