Interactive effect of phosphoric acid fertilizer and NaCl salinity on some morpho-physiological attributes in three durum wheat
2002
Shafique, S.
The experiment was conducted on three durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) genotypes D-97, D-99635, and E499657 to study some morpho- physiological responses to the interactive effect of NaCl salinity and phosphoric was laid out in CRD with factorial and four replicates. Four salinity levels viz., 0, 5, 10, and 15 dSm-1 and phosphoric acid at the rate of 100 kg P2O5/ha were applied 30 and 40 days after wheat germination. Plant height in durum wheat genotypes was severely affected by increasing levels of salinity. However, application of P-fertilizer reduced the toxic effect of salinity. Genotype D-99657 emerged as comparatively salt tolerant. NaCl application had decreasing effects on tillers per plant, spike length, grain weight and other components, hence, grain yield was drastically reduced in test genotypes. The reduction in yield attributes was more pronounced in D-99635 while D-97 showed intermediate effect of toxicity. D-99657 appeared to be more salt tolerant and was least affected by the salt stress. The application of phosphoric acid as fertilizer alleviated the inhibitory effects of NaCl in all durum wheat genotypes. Cell membrane stability (CMS) was used as screen for stress tolerance in wheat. The genotype D-99657 showed less %age injury and more strength against NaCl solution and emerged as salt tolerant. D-97 was found intermediate while D-99635 was most salt sensitive. Nitrogen contents furnished a negative relationship with increasing salinity levels. D-99657 performed well anti accumulated more nitrogen contents. D-97 showed intermediate response and D-99635 was salt sensitive and possessed least nitrogen contents. The contents of Na+, K+, Ca+ and P of wheat genotypes were affected by the application of salinity and P fertilizer. The contents of Ca2+ and K+ decreased Na+ and P increased in wheat plants, however, SO4 content remained unchanged. The K+/Na+ ratio in different plant parts of wheat genotypes were used as the key determination factor far selection of salt tolerant germplasm. D-99657 proved to be more salt tolerant and possessed high K+/Na+ ratio in all plant parts, followed by D-97, while D-99635 being salt sensitive depicted low K+/Na+ ratios. The results Manifest that D-99657 and D- 97 are more salt tolerant as they avoided the uptake of Na+, absorbed more K+, Ca2+, N and P necessary for optimum growth. That is why these genotypes had better growth, more yield and yield parameters, more cell membrane stability and high K+/Na+ ratio.
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