Effect of foliarly applicated preparates on polyamine metabolism in winter wheat seedlings under different wet conditions

The present article solves the problem of the foliar application of the Avit-35 liquid organomineral fertilizer (in parts A and B), on winter wheat under waterlogged soil conditions (90 resp. 100 % FWC) or at optimal moisture conditions (60 % FWC) on metabolism (the level of polyamines and the relation among polyamine levels and dry matter) during the first plant growth phases. The preparates and chemicals were applied foliarly: Avit-35 (produced by Polychem Ltd., Prievidza, Slovak Republic). Part A: 4.4 wt.% of nitrogen, 3.9 wt.% of magnesium, 5.1 wt.% of microelements (B, Zn, Mn) and sulphur, 5.8 wt.% of carbon. Zinc, boron, manganese and magnesium are complexly bounded to the present organic compounds. Part B: 13.5 wt.% of complex-forming organic compounds (ethanolamine and mixture of urea with ureasalicylate). Developing mixture of the Avit-35 preparate with ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor (KF). To grow the Astella winter wheat variety for laboratory biological experiments, artificial light radiation was used. To one-litre pots 900 g of substrate (mixture of soil and sand) was added, in which, after selection, 70 plants were cultivated (tight growth). The pots with 8 cm high plants were put into two blocks - in the first one the substrate moisture was kept at 60 % of full water capacity (optimal wet conditions); in the second one the moisture was kept at 90 % of FWC and after seven days from the date of foliar preparates application, soil moisture was raised to 100 % of FWC (waterlogging substrate). Variants of the foliar treatment with sooner addedd preparates and chemicals :K1, K2 - water treated control at 60 % and 90 (100) % of FWC, AB - variant treated with Avit-35 fertilizer (hence by both its components), sharply 5 l/ha of A part and 1 l/ha of B part. A - treatment with part A (5 l/ha); B - treatment with part B (1 l/ha); AB+KF - treatment with developing mixture of the Avit-35 (5 l/ha of A part, 1 l/ha of B part) fertilizer and ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor KF (10 g/ha). For the foliar application of water, adduced preparate solutions at doses of 400 l/ha were used. From the application date of preparates, the days of experiments were take into account. Three times, at seven days intervals (on the 7th, 4thand 21st days of the experiments) from each pot four pieces of plants were take away, from which were assessed: - the weight of plants of the above-ground fresh mass, of individual leaves and the roots system (mg); - the weight of above-ground dry mass of plants, of individual leaves and the roots system (mg); - the free and conjugated polyamines content (soluble in trichloroacetic acid) according to the method of Torrigian i et al. using the HPLC analysis (nmol/g), the separation of polyamines benzoylated according Redmond and Tseng using HPLC equipment (produced by Laboratory equipments Prague, Czech Republic) with computer integrator, 15 cm column C18, UV-detector at 254 nm, flow rate of the methanol: water (58:42) mixture was 1 cubic cm/min - the total nitrogen in free and conjugated polyamines content is a measure of the total amount of nitrogen sequestered in polyamines. The results were evaluated by the analysis of variance of simple sortion of the balanced experiment and for probate of statistical significance differences from the use of different applied mixtures Tukey test was used. The results show that the plants treated by component B of Avit-35 (variant B) and by the developing mixture of Avit-35 with ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor (variant AB+KF) produced the most above-ground dry mass at both moisture levels of the soil substrate. The plants cultivated in waterlogged soil had in both adduced variants the lower level of conjugated spermidine and spermine in comparison with control plants during the entire term of cultivation. The inhibitory effect of ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor on the free and conjugated putrescine formation was confirmed. After application of tested preparates their inhibitory effect on the conjugated spermidine and spermine formation in 60 % of FWC conditions was recorded. The dynamic of polyamines formation in seedling of winter wheat plants is partially different in waterlogged and in optimal wet soil conditions. An antistress effect of Avit-35 preparate in waterlogging soil conditions was confirmed. In spite of these results the authors did not find a definite relation among the free resp. conjugated polyamines content and the plant weights at the used preparates evaluation in different wet substrate conditions