Specific identification of tilapia found in high salinity sea water in artemia culture area of Phetburi Coastal Aquaculture Station using enzyme electrophoresis
1999
Jaranthada Karnasuta | Wongpathom Kamonrat | Thawutchai Ngamsiri (Department of Fisheries, Bangkok (Thailand). Aquatic Animal Natural Resource Museum Inst.)
Enzyme electrophoresis was used to identify species of the tilapia population found in artemia culture area at the Phetburi Coastal Aquaculture Station, Phetburi, Thailand. Fifteen tilapia samples were randomly collected from high salinity sea water (40-70 ppt) and were assayed electrophoretically at five enzyme loci namely, AAT-2, ADH, CK, IDPH-1 and MDH-3. A pure bred of Oreochromis niloticus samples, also randomly collected from the Dusit Palace, were run along each gel as a reference species. The results are strongly suggested that the tilapia population in this study is not a pure species but the mixing of genetic materials from three different species of tilapia including, O. niloticus, O. mossambicus and Sarotherodon melanotheron. No genetic material of the O. aureus was found in the studied samples. Although the finding is rather surprise but not impossible. O. mossambicus and S. melanotheron are euryhaline species and they can reproduce in sea water while O. aureus cannot reproduce when salinity is higher than 19 ppt. Relatively high salinity at studied locale would either protect the population from hybridization to O. aureus or screen its gene off the population if the hybridization had occurred. The presence of O. niloticus in the population is probable a recent event when flooding occurred in the region in 1997. More details and the potential use of this population for genetic improvement of tilapia for salinity tolerance were discussed.
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