[Black currant breeding on the genetic basis]
2004
Astakhov, A.I.(All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Lupin, Bryansk (Russian Federation))
Genetic and statistical researches of the characters of black currant berry weight, vitamin C, sugars and acids content were carried out. The negative correlation between weight and vitamin C concentration was established. The depression concerning berries mass and acidity was detected at the inbreeding, but it is absent in general sugar and vitamin C content. The degree of depression depends on a mother genotype, on type of a character and weather conditions of a year. In extremal conditions the correlative connections between characters could be broken, first of all, for inbreeded genotypes. In a life of inbreeded generations the same regularities were shown. In the inheritance of vitamin C content in berries the additivity plays a great role, and in the inheritance of weight of berries the additivity and interaction of genes play a great role. The study of the inheritance of sugars depending on active acidity has allowed to determine a pH optimum of berries for selection for sugar content increase (3,3-3,4). For selection for resistance to american mildew the sources needs to be brought into more homozygotic state. Heterozygots on genes of resistance are able to pass in various classes of phenotypes at different weather conditions. The genotype formula of sphaeroteca resistance of cultivar "Bredtorp" was established: Mm Su1 su1 su2 su2. The principles of breeding for this disease resistance were formulated. The program of black currant breeding for heterozis was carried out and the efficiency of breeding using genetic methods was shown
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