Influence of artificial gaps in tropical forest on survival, growth, and Phytolyma lata attack on Milicia excelsa.
1998
Nichols, J. D. | Wagner, M. R. | Agyeman, V. K. | Bosu, P | Cobbinah, J. R.
Milicia excelsa and M. regia are important timber species in moist tropical areas of Africa. They have not been successfully grown largely because of attacks by gall-forming psyllids in the genus Phytolyma. The growth of Milicia seedlings planted in June 1996, and incidence of psyllid attack on these, were evaluated in small (4.2 m2), medium (18.5 m2) and large (.GT.500 m2) artificial gaps in the Bobiri Forest Reserve in the moist semi-deciduous forest area of Ghana. After 13 months, height and diameter growth of Milicia seedlings were significantly greater in the medium and large gaps than in the small gaps. Insect attacks occurred first and most severely in the large gaps, but spread to gaps of all sizes between the 11th and 13th months after planting. While gap size significantly affected the susceptibility of seedlings to psyllid attack, it is not the only factor important in determining susceptibility of Milicia excelsa under field conditions. It is concluded that gap sizes in the range of 10-50 m2, where irradiances are 30-60% of full sunlight, in forests similar to those at the study site, seem to be most suitable for regeneration of Milicia.
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