Qualitative and quantitative characteristics evaluation of soybean germplasms

English. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics evaluation of soybean germplasms is important in the breeding program. 253 soybean germplasms were characterized at Jambegede Exp. Farm during dry season 2000. Each genotype was planted in two rows with 4 m length and plant spacing 45 cm x 10 cm, one plant/hill. All plots were fertilized with 50 kg Urea + 100 kg TSP + 50 kg KCl/ha at planting. Results showed that 40 percent, 51 percent, and 9 percent genotypes were belong to determinate, semi-determinate, and indeterminate plant growth types, respectively. There were 90 percent genotypes, had purple flowers, 8 percent had white flowers, and 2 percent had purple and white flowers. Seed colour varied, 44 percent yellow, 5 percent greenish-yellow, 1 percent green, 42 percent yellowish-green, 6 percent black, and 2 percent brown. The flowering date varied from 35 to 55 days (average 45 days). There were 79 percent genotypes had flowering date more than 40 days, and 21 percent at 35-40 days. The pod maturity varied from 85 to 103 days (average 96 days). There were 94 percent genotypes with pod maturity more than 90 days, and 6 percent between 85 and 90 days. Plant height ranging from 24 to 87 cm (average 57 cm). There were 51 percent genotypes with plant height below the average. Number of branches ranging from 1 to 6 branches/plant (average 4 branches). From 253 genotypes tested, 64 percent had lower branches than the average. A 100 seeds weight ranging from 1.1 to 14.8 g (average 9.7 g), 10 percent genotypes had 7.5 g/100 seeds, 75 percent had 7.5-11.9 g/100 seeds, and 15 percent had more than 12.0 g/100 seeds. There were positive correlation among every qualitative character (flowering age, matured pods, plant height, branches amount), except those characteristics correlated with 100 seed weight. On the other hand, the longer flowering date, pod maturity and also more amount of branches, the lower 100 seed weight

Indonesian. Evaluasi karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif plasma nutfah kedelai perlu dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber gen yang berguna bagi program pemuliaan. Sebanyak 253 genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai dievaluasi karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatifnya di Inlitkabi Jambegede pada MK II 2000. Setiap genotipe ditanam dua baris, sepanjang 4 m. Jarak tanam 45 cm x 10 cm, satu tanaman/rumpun. Pupuk 50 kg Urea + 100 kg SP 36 + 50 kg KCl/ha diberikan pada saat tanam. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa, dari 253 genotipe yang dievaluasi, 40 persen genotipe bertipe tumbuh determinate, 51 persen semi-determinate, dan 9 persen in-determinate. Berdasar warna bunga, 90 persen genotipe berwarna ungu, 8 persen berwarna putih, dan 2 persen berwarna ungu dan putih. Dari warna kulit biji, 44 persen genotipe berwarna kuning, 5 persen kuning kehijauan, 1 persen hijau, 42 persen hijau kekuningan, 6 persen hitam, dan 2 persen coklat. Umur berbunga antara 35-55 hari (rata-rata 45 hari), 79 persen genotipe memiliki umur berbunga dalam (lebih besar dari 40 hari), dan 21 persen memiliki umur berbunga sedang (35-40 hari). Umur masak antara 85-103 hari (rata-rata 96 hari), 94 persen genotipe memiliki umur masak dalam (lebih besar dari 90 hari), dan 6 persen memiliki umur masak sedang (85-90 hari). Tinggi tanaman antara 24-87 cm (rata-rata 57 cm), 51 persen genotipe dengan tinggi tanaman di bawah rata-rata dan 49 persen memiliki tinggi tanaman sama atau lebih tinggi dari rata-rata. Jumlah cabang antara 1-6 tangkai (rata-rata 4 tangkai), 64 persen genotipe memiliki jumlah cabang di bawah rata-rata dan 36 persen memiliki jumlah cabang sama atau lebih banyak dari rata-rata. Bobot 100 biji antara 11-14,8 g (rata-rata 9,7), 10 persen genotipe berbiji kecil (lebih kecil dari 7,5 g/100 biji), 75 persen berbiji sedang (7,5-11,9 g/100 biji), dan 15 persen berbiji besar (lebih besar dari 12,0 g/100 biji). Terdapat korelasi positif antar beberapa karakter kuantitatif (umur berbunga, umur masak, tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang), kecuali korelasi beberapa sifat tersebut dengan bobot 100 biji