Studies on tree nutrition of Prunus mume 'Nanko', 3: Soil moisture condition in summer/fall period and tree nutrition
2002
Miyake, H. (Wakayama-ken. Agricultural Experiment Station, Kishigawa (Japan)) | Hatsuyama, M. | Nakayama, M. | Sugai, H.
The quality of soil at the location of Ume (plum) production in Wakayama Prefecture has a high rate of gravel and does not retain moisture; this causes water-stress for the tree in summer and is, therefore, a strong factor in the decline of tree vigor. We investigated the influences of summer/fall soil dryness on tree nutrition of trees by using rice straws for preventing soil dryness after the summer period. 1. The rate of water content of trees decreased because of soil dryness during the summer /fall period, especially in the area of hairy roots. 2. Because of soil dryness during the summer/fall period, both the rate and quantity of nitrogen decreased in leaves, new branches, and hairy roots. The rate was significantly lower in hairy roots than at normal humidity. 3. Due to soil dryness during the summer/fall period, the rate of total sugar, starch, and carbohydrate increased. The difference was more significant in hairy roots, compared with that at normal humidity. 4. Summer-period organic mulch cultivation retained soil moisture and controlled soil dryness more than non-mulch cultivation. 5. In the summer period, the annual organic mulch cultivation produced a larger number and yield of longer branches, and the growth of the trees improved. 6. Summer period organic mulch cultivation demonstrated a higher rate of moisture content in hairy roots, a higher rate of nitrogen content in hairy-root activity, leaves, new branches and hairy roots, and a lower carbohydrate/nitrogen content in new branches'and hairy roots. In conclusion, organic mulch cultivation is one of the appropriate methods of management for preventing summer time soil dryness from the aspect of water nutrition for the tree.
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