Antibody testing against feline infectious peritonitis virus by a modified ELISA
2000
Soma, T. (Marupi Lifetech Co. Ltd., Ikeda, Osaka (Japan)) | Takahashi, M.
Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV)-infected cells as the antigen, have been reported for the measurement of anti-body titer against FIPV and are used most widely as highly specific methods. However, these methods, which require microscopic operations for the assessment of the results, are not suitable for examination of a large number of samples as in an epidemiological study. Therefore, we simplified the ELISA by omitting microscopic operations and evaluated its usefulness. The modified ELISA (mELISA) did not react with sera from specific pathogen-free cats and specific antisera against various feline viruses other than FIPV and feline enteriec coron-avirus similarly to IFA method. Next, the antibody titers were determined in 52 clinically suspected cats or having feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) by mELISA and IFA method. Al1 of 7 sera with negative mELISA antibody showed negative IFA antibody, but 9 (56.3) of 16 sera with negative IFA antibody showed positive mELISA antibody. These findings suggest that mELISA has similar specificity and higher sensitivity compared with IFA method, and is useful screening for FIPV infection. Then, mELISA antibody titers were measured in 55 healthy cats and 52 suspected cats of having FIP. The titers were significantly higher in the suspected cats of having FIP (P<0.001), but some healthy cats showed high titers. Therefore, it is suggested that the antibody titer by mELISA alone has low specificity as well as by IFA method and ELISA for the diagnosis of FIP.
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