Improving rice quality through crop and resource management
2003
Chen, F. | Portch, S. | Jin, J.Y.
Rice is one the most important grain crops in the world. Obtaining both high yield and high-quality rice is becoming more and more important. Rice quality includes processing quality as well as appearance, cooking, eating, and nutritional quality factors. Many factors can affect quality. Up to now, much research on the application of new technology to rice growing and the influences of the ecological environment on rice quality has been done in China, the Philippines, and Japan. Much research focused mainly on a single factor or evaluated currently planted varieties. Thus, it is hard to have a common understanding of some problems. Many environmental and man-made factors influence rice quality. To improve rice quality, natural factors such as climate cannot be changed, but man-made factors such as fertilization, irrigation, and breeding can be controlled. We briefly discuss the effects of nine main factors: temperature, illumination, water and irrigation, soil, fertilization, planting density, field organisms, grain processing, and breeding selection for rice quality. For natural factors, temperature regulation and control by planting dates and locations are a key, and, for man-made factors, irrigation and balanced fertilization are the most important. Good regulation and control of these factors will increase rice yield and quality greatly. Rice quality can be improved by increasing rice grain filling, unpolished and polished grain ratios, grain protein content, grain transparency, amylose content, nutrient uptake and use efficiency, nutrient element content, elongation, the ratio of filled to unfilled grain, taste, and breeding selection and by decreasing grain chalkiness, percent unfilled grain, disease and insect damage, and weed influence.
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