Urea treatment of maize to control Aspergillus spp. and so prevent aflatoxin contamination
1992
Chaiwat Paosantadpanich | Pimol Wuttisin | Kamo, Mikio | Kobayashi, Makoto (Department of Agriculture, Bangkok (Thailand). Agricultural Engineering Div.)
Urea treatment is on one of the safe and inexpensive method for ammonia treatment. Effect of natural evaporation treatment and dipping ear maize into urea solution to prevent aflatoxin were tested. However, natural evaporation treatment could not distribute ammonia all around piled samples and it had another problem of water absorption during treatment. Soaking method was selected for further investigation. Optimum dipping treatment was to soak ear maize into 30 percent of urea solution for 20 minutes using 1:3 soybean-water emulsion extracted for 24 hours as enzyme. And urea treatment in open-air system was more acceptable according to the discoloration level, in small scale experiment. In farm scale experiment, ammonia concentration increased a little bit more slowly in open-air system. Treated ear maize has higher rate of oxygen consumption, which suggested higher microbiological activity and higher level of respiration in ear maize. Yeasts and fungi were observed in after treatment and they increased during 6 weeks storage after treatment. Discoloration also occurred in all treatments.
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