[Leucoptera malifoliella (Costa)(Lepidoptera, Lyonetiidae) occurring in orchards of Lublin]
2006
Gorska-Drabik, E.(University of Agriculture, Lublin (Poland). Dpt. of Enthomology)
Leucoptera malifoliella is a species from the biotic group of leaf miners most frequently occurring in commercial orchards. The species causes serious problems not only concerning the management but even its identification. Industrial and urban pollutants as well as chemical substances purposely introduced by human (pecticides) into environment have an impact on entomofauna. Biocenotic relations between insects are affected with a different intense depending on their positions in food chains. They cause a brake-down of barriers which normally maintain pest populations at low level. During three years of the study a total number of 568 mines and 60 overwintering of pear leaf miner had been collected. The species was observed at all sites. 125 mines had been collected in 1996 and 94% of them in the orchard treated with pesticides. 60 overwintering pupae of Leucoptera malifoliella had been collected in 1997. Fifty-nine came from the treated orchard what constituted 98% of all the pupae collected. In 1998 a total number of 443 leaf mines had been collected. 88% of them came from the site treated with chemicals. L. malifoliella was the most abundant on trees growing in the orchard with pest management where a mean number of leaf mines 65 per tree. In sites free from chemical treatment a mean number of leaf mines was 1.4 and 3.7 in 1996 and 1997 respectively while in 1997 no leaf mines were observed. from corrugated cardboard bands only one overwintering pupa was collected. Analysis of leaves with mines caused by Leucoptera malifoliella revealed that most of the leaves (57%) had one mine per surface, 30% of leaves - 2 mines, 7% -3-5 mines and 6% of leaves had 6-13 mines
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