Use of azadirachtin in controlling root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infestation of tomato on protected crop [Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.]
2005
Caroppo, S. (Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura (CRA) - Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Florence (Italy)) | Guarnone, A. (Sipcam S.p.A., Pero, Milan (Italy)) | Ambrogioni, L. (Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura (CRA) - Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Florence (Italy)) | Carletti, B.
A product with 25 g/l of azadirachtin as active ingredient was tested to control the tomato infestation by Meloidogyne incognita for two consecutive years (2002-2003) in two different areas of Tuscany, under protected conditions. The first trial was carried out on tomato cv Canestrino, with an initial mean infestation level of 6 JJ2/ml soil. Two treatments, each replicated four times, were performed in comparison with an untreated one. A treatment with the product at the dose of 3 l/ha distributed fortnightly by fertigation, the other at the dose of 1.5 l/ha once a week. Both treatments produced a consistent reduction of nematode reproduction rate, even if the treatment with lower dose showed the best results. Also the root infestation index of treated plants revealed to be lightly lower compared to untreated ones. The yield of treated areas revealed an increase of about 22%. The second trial was performed on tomato cvs Zeppelin and Carson, with an initial mean infestation level of 0.5 JJ2/ml soil. The treatments compared were three, each replicated five times, namely one with the same product in fertigation at the lower dose (1.5 l/ha) dissolved in acidified water and distributed weekly; the second was the same, but not acidified; the third consisted in an application, before transplanting, of granular phenamiphos at a rate of 25 kg/ha. The action of azadirachtin resulted efficient in decreasing the nematode reproduction rate compared to control, but at a higher extent compared to phenamiphos. Also in this case, the recorded infestation indexes did not differ each other, even if root tissues of plants from the plots treated with azadirachtin appeared to be in much better conditions compared to the ones from untreated plots. The same remarks can be extended to the first trial (2002)
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