Antioxidant content in the fruit peel, flesh and seeds of selected apple cultivars during cold storage
2005
Lata, B. | Trampczynska, A. | Oles, M. (Warsaw Agricultural University (Poland). Dept. of Pomology and Basic Natural Sciences in Horticulture)
Four apple cultivars: Sampion, Jonagold, Gloster and Elise kept in common cold storage (1 deg C, 95-97 percent RH) were tested. The content of glutathione in the apple peel remained nearly at the same level during storage, while its precursors (particularly gamma-glutamylcysteine) as well as glutathione reductase activity successively increased. The decrease of ascorbate content and ascorbate peroxidase activity was observed after 60 days of storage and then their levels significantly increased. Apple flesh and seeds exhibited nearly the same tendencies related to compounds mentioned above. The reduction level of both hydrophilic antioxidant in the peel was increasing with the longer time of storage. Activity of catalase significantly decreased during storage, but only in the apple peel. Out of all cultivars the highest antioxidant potential related to tested compounds and enzyme activity was noted for Sampion. The great differences between apple peel, flesh and seed in antioxidant content were measured. On average, the content of ascorbate in the peel was from approximately 3 (Gloster) to above 7-times higher (Sampion) in comparison with the flesh. Seeds contained very small amounts of ascorbate, on average 49 mcg/g f.m. As opposed to ascorbate, content of low molecular weight thiols and GR activity in the seeds were considerably higher in comparison with apple flesh and peel. The content of cysteine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, total glutathione and glutathione reductase activity was higher respectively by 125.7, 80.0, 158.8 and 28.3 percent in comparison with the peel, and by 198.0, 80.0, 466.1 and 377.8 percent in comparison with the flesh. Apple peel, then flesh and seeds exhibited the highest ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity
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