Efficiency of some medicinal plant extracts (Spilanthes acmella Murr. and Rhinacanthus nasutus Kurz.) in controlling of chilli's anthracnose
1999
Nutchanat Chonglekha | Anchan Ketsanoi(Chiang Mai Univ., Chiang Mai (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Plant Pathology)
Pure isolation was made from the chili fruits that showed anthracnose symptoms. The fungal isolates were then cultured and tested on their pathogenicity. Leaves of seven kinds of medicinal plant were water extracted and tested on their efficacy in inhibiting growth of the pathogen on PDA mixed with each extract. It was found that Spilanthes acmella Murr. and Rhinacanthus nasutus Kurz. were more effective than the others. The two kinds were then used in following experiments. Three methods of extraction were compared on their efficacy, 1) chopping, soaking and filtering 2) homogenizing, soaking and filtering and 3) homogenizing and filtering. The second method showed best result among all. Plain water was compared with warm water (60 deg C) for extraction. It was shown that warm water is better. Four concentrations of the extracts were compared i.e. 6, 18, 30 and 42 percent and it was found that efficacy of inhibition varied along concentration of the two kinds of extracts. When the extracts of both kinds at the concentration of 30 percent were sprayed on the chili plants in the greenhouse prior to inoculation or after inoculation, it was found that the extract of S. acmella was more effective than R. nasutus in both spraying before and spraying after inoculation. The similar test with sweet pepper fruits in the laboratory showed that spraying the extracts on the fruits prior to inoculation gave better control.
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