Effect of seed treatment preparates efficiency on winter wheat grain yield

In field trials, the effect of winter wheat seed treatment with one biological and six chemical preparations on yield factors and grain yield of two varieties (Bety and Zerda) yield was studied. Variety Bety is mid-early, good-yielding food wheat with good gluten content. Variety Zerda is an early variety of food wheat. It is noted for its high and stable content of wet gluten, large grain and above-average flour extraction. The F1 generation grain of two varieties with different earliness and quality Bety and Zerda were treated in conditions of industrial seed treatment in a Rotostat seed-treatment machine. The field trials were organised with a random plot location and each plot represented a treatment variant in four replications. At the time of cropping maturity, the following yield factors were evaluated: spike number per square meter, spike weight, kernel number per spike, kernel weight per spike, share of kernel and spike weight, kernel weight variability per spike and grain yield. The biologically active substances burel + propolis (obtained from natural sources) showed a positive significant effect that could be invariably observed in all studied yield factor indicators compared with chemically synthesised active substances of the tested preparations. The stability of the positive effect of natural substances also confirmed the results of comparison of the value level of yield factor indicators among winter wheat varieties. The chemically synthesised active substances affected in a different way the level of indicator values of yield factors. Differences in the effect could be observed in individual indicators as well. The active substance tebuconazole positively affected the spike number per square meter in Bety variety. In Zerda variety, the effect of this substance was on the level of an untreated control. The active substances carboxin + thiram and difenoconazole positively affected the spike weight in Bety variety. In Zerda variety, a more positive effect of the active substance quazatine could be observed. The active substances difenoconazole, carboxin + thiram, and tebuconazole positively affected the kernel number per spike in Bety variety. In Zerda variety, a more positive effect of the active substance quazatine could be observed. The active substance difenoconazole positively affected the kernel weight per spike in Bety variety. In Zerda variety, a more positive effect of the active substance quazatine could be observed. The native substances burel + propolis positively affected the total yield of winter wheat grain. In both varieties, the highest yield could be observed in the variant with the active substances burel + propolis. In Zerda variety, a positive effect on the grain yield could be observed besides the active substances burel + propolis with the chemical active substances difenoconazole and tebuconazole as well.