Prevalence of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae from bloody diarrhea pig in Thailand
2005
Padet Tummaruk(Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Veterinary Sciences. Dept. of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproduction) | Nuvee Prapasarakul(Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Veterinary Sciences. Dept. of Veterinary Microbiology) | Umnuay Totarin(Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Veterinary Sciences) | Kieatisak Haumeun(Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Veterinary Sciences) | Montree Paka(Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Veterinary Sciences)
Present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of Brachyspira spp. in swine herds in some province of Thailand, i.e., Nakornprathom, Ratchaburi, Chachoengsao, Saraburi, Rayong and Nakornsawan. The study included samples from pigs with clinical signs of bloody diarrhea submitted to the Livestock animal hospital, Chulalong university or pigs from farms where bloody diarrhea have been observed. The study was carried out during February-November 2004. A total number of 126 fecal samples or intestinal mucosa (74 bloody diarrhea/mucus diarrhea and 52 normal feces) from large animal hospital or from the farms were submitted for bacterial culture and identification. The samples were primarily investigated for the organisms by fresh smear and gram staining. All samples were cultured with a specific media in anaerobic environment. The colonies were determined under light microscope and were tested for hemolysis and biochemical properties, i.e., indole and hippurate hydrolysis test. It was found that the bacteria were a gram negative staining, long and spiral shape and had a strong beta hemolysis properties in 10 percent sheep blood agar. All of the spirochetes were negative for hippurate positive for hydrolysis test and most are positive for indole test. One isolation was indole negative. According to the isolation on a specific media, gram staining and biochemical analysis, the spirochete were then identified as Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. The prevalence was 20.3 percent (15/74) of the pig with diarrhea. Brachyspira hyodysenteriae was found in 9 out of 19 herds in this study representing 47.3 percent of prevalence among the herd. Most of the pig that found the spirochete was between 20-24 wk of age. Brachyspira hyodysenteriae was not found among the pigs with normal feces (n=52), although the herds have a history of bloody diarrhea in pig.
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