[Methods of increase in grain yield and quality (on an example of the Minsk region)]
2007
Ivashchenko, A.,BelEcology (Belarus)
Concrete measures which are necessary for taking over for achievement of a total grain yield in limens 3 million t are listed: to run in an offered crop rotations in which disposition of sown area grain crops take 40-48% that will enable to place them on the best precursors providing productivity at a level 38-45 c/ha even without fertilization. Thus profitability of grain production will make the minimum of 30%, and efficiency 1 ha of the crop rotation areas will be increased till 50-52 to a unit at weakly positive humus and nitrogen balance; to supply accumulation of organic fertilizers and their addition in quantity not less than 10-12 t on 1 ha of a ploughland. It will allow supplying positive humus and nitrogen balance, to liquidate a phosphorus deficit, to increase productivity and to lower a net cost of production on 30-40% as a whole on a crop rotation. The ground mass of organic fertilizers should be deposited under winter-crops grain crops in autumn, and in spring - under corn grain. The dose of an organic under winter-crops should be not less than 6-10 t on 1 ha of the crop rotation areas. Thus there is a capability to deposit it with allowance for predictably percent of humus increase. Such single quantity of a deposited organic makes a field high-yield, ensuring productivity of winter wheat in the dimension 60-70 c/ha and is higher, the protein content - 12,6-13,8% (on theoretically dry substance), in grain - 27,5-28,5% and is higher than gluten, and profitability of grain production - 80-100%; to insert offered methods of controlling with weed vegetation in grain crops that will allow to use a resource of soil and created soil fertilities on 90-100%. Thus the yield increase will make from 50 up to 100%, or 4-30 c/ha, in dependence on fertility of the field, the built soil fertility and used measures of weed control
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