[Light regime of crowns in orchard constructions]
2007
Ryabtseva, T.V., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Potato, Vegetable and Fruit Growing (Belarus). Institute for Fruit Growing
Four-year data on the photosynthetic active radiations entry to the apple crowns in orchard constructions of various intensity are presented. The more dense constructions were the stronger impact they had on the light regime. All cultivar-rootstock combinations in study had significantly lower photosynthetic active radiation in variants with dense plantation. In-row spacing as well as inter-row spacing factors were significant, however, in-row density made higher impact on the light regime. The intensity of photosynthetic active radiation entry significantly decreased from the periphery to the center of apple crowns. For dense spacing variants, in the central part of crowns on the height of 1.5 m from the ground level the light regime was not sufficient for lying generative buds in the case of young trees, and the regime of negative photosynthesis established when trees got older. Crowns of the variety Pobeditel on interstock of dwarfish rootstock N 134 at the scheme of placement of trees 4 х 1 m differed especially by low values of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). At formation of freely growing plane crown this variety-rootstock combination is not-suitable for planting gardens of high density, packing up to 833 tree/ha is admissible. The variety of apple-tree Wealthy because of its high-quality features habitus crown and branching is suitable for planting of dense plants in a greater degree. At formation of freely growing plane crown packing up to 1250tree/ha is admissible
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