[Selection of vegetable and spicy-flavoring crops for efficiency, ecological stability and quality]
2008
Skorina, V.V.
For the first time in the Republic of Belarus the varieties of both vegetables and spicy-flavouring crops with respect to the parameters of adaptive ability and ecological stability were studied which allowed creating new highly productive and ecologically stable varieties. The parental forms and the hybrid combinations possessing the greatest selective value to a number of the important economic useful features are breeded and recommended for selection for heterosis. The collection parthenocarpic forms of tomato with various degree of parthenocarpy display which are used in the selection process when creating new hybrids was studied. The relative independence of efficiency on ecological stability of crop capacity features with tomato hybrids was revealed. Regarding the efficiency and ecological stability of the same feature of tomato the various degree of domination is shown that specifies the independence of their inheritance. The specific and varietal distinctions on accumulation degree of radionuclides with celery, peppermint, tomato, bulb onion are revealed. The optimum parametres of environment are defined by the use of the ecological and geographical factor that gives the fuller information for selection of stable efficiency of green weight and seeds of sweet marjoram, kidney bean and the necessity for registration of varietal specificity is proved when selecting their seed-growing zones. On the basis of the analysis of long-term data of the State Test of vegetable crops, the points with the highest predictable ability and also geographical laws of ability of the points to provide the trustworthy information of varieties ana hybrids are revealed. The use of methods for ecological selection originated the basis for creating new varieties and hybrids of vegetable and spicy-flavouring crops. The varieties and hybrids possessing high productivity, ecological stability and production quality are created. Six selector certificates, including two selector certificates from Russia, defend the novelty of selection achievements. The received hybrids of tomato Polymya F1, Sozvezdie F1, Tajphun F1 provide the additional net profit from 3120,0 thousand rbl. to 15520,0 thousand rbl. from one hectare of not warmed film hothouses
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