[Intake of parent tuber nutrients and potato plant productivity]
2007
Mel'nichuk, D.I. | Rylko, V.A., Belarus State Academy of Agriculture, Gorki (Belarus)
The biological role of parent tuber in the formation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants was studied. Research results of the determination of the dynamics and intake duration of different elements of parent tuber at the stages of heterotrophic and autotrophic plant nutrition by investigation of relations between the studied processes and potato productivity were presented. The highest intensity of parent tuber nutrients (especially starch and nitrogen) intake was stated at the pre-emergence stage and in the first days after shooting. After shooting and at the stage of root formation potato plants did not passed on the autotrophic nutrition and used the nutrients of the parent tuber till the termination of the vegetative mass growth. The further intake slowed down and tuber residues decomposed simultaneously with top leaves. Early ripening varieties used up the parental tuber nutrients more intensively in comparison with the late ripening ones that was caused by more intensive yield accumulation and lower content of dry matter in tubers. There were identified four types of parent tubers according to the character and intensity of nutrients intake taking into account yielding terms and plant productivity. The highest yields were stated in plants the parent tuber of which maximally realized the nutrients supply and saved small amount of pulp and initial morphological shape. Investigation results showed that parent tuber exercised influence on the vegetating plants by means of the prolonged heterotrophic nutrition almost till the end of tubers growth and development. Potato plant which lacked nutrients of parent tuber showed lower productivity on 10-25%
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