Estimation of the competitive relations and the individual productivity of field beans in model experiments
2008
Petrychenko, V.F., Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Vinnytsya (Ukraine). Feed Research Institute | Kobak, S.Y., Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Vinnytsya (Ukraine). Feed Research Institute
The investigation of the competitive relationship between the plants of field beans was carried out in a model experiment, the scheme of which included sowing by the ray-stretching method. The offered method of plant location which takes into account the peculiarities of modern intensive varieties of crops enables the researcher to evaluate a great number of densities from 2061 to 269 thousand plants per ha, inter-row width from 10 to 77 cm and areas of nutrition from 48 to 386 square cm in a wide diapason and to describe their competitive relations. This approach can be used when carrying out similar experiments with other grain-legume and fodder crops. It has been determined that the increase of nutrition the area and inter-row width and the reduction of plant density results in the increase of plant weight, thickness of the stem base, quantity of productive nodes, beans, seed weight per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds. It has been established that the character of the change of these indices is rectilinear. But plant height, the height of the bottom bean location, quantity of nodes on a plant and the level of grain productivity has a parabolic character. It will be shown that under conditions of Forest-Steppe on grey forest soils there is a certain interval of the nutrition area, inter-row width and plant density which facilitates the increase of the grain productivity of field beans. The highest grain productivity of field beans of the variety 'Orion' is formed in the nutrition area from 176 to 278 square cm with inter-row width 33-35 cm and plant density 596-359 thousand per ha. Further increase or reduction of the nutrition area, inter-row width and plant density results in changes of the elements of individual productivity of field bean plants towards reduction which has a negative influence on the formation of grain yield formation per unit of area.
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