Cross-species applicability of microsatellite markers for investigation of ducks genetic differentiation
2006
Sruoga, A., Vilnius University (Lithuania). Inst. of Ecology; Vytautas Magnus Univ., Kaunas (Lithuania). Dept. of Biology | Slavenaite, S ., Vilnius University (Lithuania). Inst. of Ecology | Butkauskas, D., Vilnius University (Lithuania). Inst. of Ecology
The waterfowl of the order Anseriformes constitute a diverse group which are the subject of extensive research and are intensively managed (Nichols et al., 1995). Genetic studies of waterfowl utilizing allozyme electrophoresis and mitochondrial DNA provided valuable information on evolutionary history (Cooke et al., 1987). However, highly variable molecular markers have not been identified for various taxons and breeds of this group. Genetic markers vary greatly in evolutionary rates of change owing to heterogeneity, in modes of inheritance, sequence organization, selective pressures, rates of mutation and fixation (Burke et al., 1992). One class of markers – microsatellites are one of the most powerful tools for studying inter and intrapopulation relationships between wild and domestic species of animals. Many scientists agree that of genetic markers being currently employed microsatellites best fit the description of an ideal genetic marker because they have a large number of alleles and therefore a high likelihood of being polymorphic in any resource population. Besides the detection of microsatellites is based on polymerase chain reaction, assays require small amounts of DNA are easily performed as well as reliably scored. Many studies have shown that microsatellite loci are often 218 conserved among closely related species including birds (Moore et al., 1999). Chicken microsatellite primers have been tested in another Galliformes, turkey (Meteagridis galopario) (Liu et al., 1996). Cross - species applicability is also possible among different species from families Anatidae and Phasianidae belonging to orders Anseriformes and Galiformes, respectively. The cross-species applicability of microsatellites in some species of birds was evaluated by C.R. Primmer (1996). As yet specific microsatellite markers have not been specifically developed for many species of wild and also domestic breeds of waterfowl. Therefore, the objective of our work was to examine whether non - specific primer pairs of Anatidae, Phasianidae and Laridae taxons of birds can amplify microsatellite loci of different duck species and to characterize any PCR products amplified.
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