[Genetic diversity for creating unique plant collections and their usage for new breeding tecnique development]
2006
Shumnij, V.K. | Zheleznov, A.V. | Burmakina, N.V. | Zheleznova, N. B. | Leonova. N.S. | Yudina, R.S.
The collections of drug and feed plants and potato from Siberia and problems of their formation, studying and use are considered. The collections include more than 10 000 samples, which are members of 125 species from 24 families. In 2006 the collection was added by 130 samples of perennial and forage grasses. The collection studying resulted in development of data base for potato, amaranth and winter wheat (each one consists of more than 100 documents). These data are online available. Each one contains information about plant morphology, productivity and its elements, biochemical composition and also plant photographs. Polymorphism of iso-enzymatic systems of alcohol-, glutamate-, malat- and isocytrate dehydrogenase in amaranth is studied. Genetic control of theses systems is established. The possibility of using enzyme loci polymorphism for characterization infraspecific and intergenetic diversity is confirmed. The study of American lucerne cultivars according their winter hardness, productivity, development rithms and resistance to ascochyta-leaf spot (Ascochyta imperfecta) is completed. Genetic diversity of the cultivars, their high suitability for West Siberia conditions and their perspectiveness as initial material are determined. The new high-yielding amaranth cultivar Yantar for universal use (as forage and as grain) is an example of the collection use for breeding. Yantar is characterized by high adaptability and it is recommended to be grown in 5 regions of Siberia and Altay territory.
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