Energy assessment of soil fertility
2007
Savich, V.I. | Sychev, V.G. | Nikolskij, Yu. N. | Zamaraev, A.G. | Syunyaev, N.K.
Energy value of soil fertility (EVSF) is an essential element of fertility estimation along with soil chemistry. Sun energy entry, energy and matter costs, soil composition and its properties are worked out of the same units (joule or kilocalorie) at EVSF. If plants consume less energies due to the soil properties and accumulate much photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) in the yield, this soil is considered to be the most fertile. Usually EVSF is carried out with calorific value of organic soil matter and of microorganisms and also with energy specified by mineral and gross soil composition. Other EVSF parameters are proposed: energy content in mobile and available nutrients, humus, water, exchangeable cations of soil adsorption complex, energy usage of plants connected with soil only. Energy conditions of soil change in zonal and facial direction. Energy accumulation in soil is in proportion to the period of biological soil activity and to PAR entry at optimal for plants temperature and moisture. If much energy, matter and information is accumulated in soil the risk of bioproductivity fall is less but the productivity control by optimization is also less realized. EVSF helps to determine the optimization indices, to select crops, crop rotations and technologies, allowed to use PAR as far as possible. Crops which accumulate energy in their yield intensively are selected in the base of carrying this energy over; crops which enrich soil with energy are selected in the base of its incoming with root and stubble remains. Intermediate crops and cultivation methods are selected at low PAR usage. Crops which promote sod pedogenesis and decrease elution are determined by estimation of energy reallocation between soil layers and rock. It should be in mind that optimal energy accumulation and its carrying over are not equal to the maximum ones. Soils with low energy capacity are to be optimized less intensively. If a man knows optimal indices of soil fertility, he can save expenses and obtain enough croppages without soil damaging.
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