Distant hybridization as method for increasing corn ecological tolerance
2007
Sokolov, V.A. | Tarakanova, Т.К. | Abdyrakhmanova, E.A., Russian Academy of Sciences. Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk (Russian Federation). Institute of Cytology and Geneticist
A great number of transgenic plants were developed using genetic engineering methods, but distant crossings (distant hybridization) are still very important for the aims of selection. This may be explained by a complex nature of the majority of agricultural traits. Thus, it is impossible to transfer one character as a single locus. The results of development of apomictic hybrids between corn and its wild relative gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.) are offered. It has been experimentally proved that at least 9 chromosomes of gamagrass should be present in the hybrid form to provide in it reproduction by apomixis. The apomictic hybrids between corn and gamagrass have some superiority, for example high fodder crop capacity, high content of the digestible components, high ratio of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds, and the unfavorable soil-climatic conditions tolerance. The actual problem is the male sterility overcoming of these hybrids. The great collection of apomictic lines usable in corn selection is developed. The commercial apomictic corn varieties can be realized in the near-term outlook.
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