Assessment of the physical properties of leched smolnitsa in winter companion crops
2008
Nikolova, D., Institute of Soil Science ” N. Pushkarov”, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Borisova, M., Institute of Soil Science ” N. Pushkarov”, Sofia (Bulgaria) | Yancheva, D., Regional Centre of Scientific Applied Service, Kardzhali (Bulgaria)
The results of field trial held on leached smolnitza has been studied in four repetition. The soil plough layer is characterized by content of particles finer than 0,01mm up to 78% and of particles finer than 0.001 mm up to 62%, by a particle density of 2.68 g/cm3, and by a bulk density of 1.24 g/cm3. The porosity is 42-55%. The moisture capacity of the soil is big and the content of inaccessible moisture is relatively high. The moisture of fading varies between 23 and 26%. The utmost field capacity is 43-62% of the totally dry soil mass. The influence of the winter precrops peas and triticale has been studied over basic water-physical properties of the soil during harvesting. The winter precrops has been sowed after wheat predecessor. The soil tillage is plough on 20-22cm and 2-3 disking. It has been done pre-sowing fertilization for the peas with N8, for the tritikale with N12, and sowing in the optimal agrotechnical term for the region (10-15 october). The technological phase for gathering is for the both crops come simultaneously, which allows maize sowing to be done in the same agrotechnical term right after them. The variant without companion was used as a control. The results show that in terms of soil humidity there are better conditions for the plants without companion variant compare to the companied ones. The type of the pre-crop and the winter pre-crops companion do not influence over significant in the bulk density. It is in the range of the optimal values for the growth and development of the studied crops (0.8-1.03 g/cm3). The soil porosity is not significantly influenced by compactness with winter companion crops. It is in limits between 60.89-71.08%. The soil strength increases in the soil depth, but it is of optimal values for plants growth.
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