[Structure of expenses and assessment of efficiency of perennial grasses growing in the haying and grazing rotation system]
2008
Gornovskij, A.A., Belarus State Academy of Agriculture, Gorki (Belarus)
Results of three-year evaluation of the expenses structure and economic efficiency of the technology of cultivation of perennial grasses from the different maturity groups in the haying and grazing rotation system in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus were presented. Expenses on fertilizer application, energy resources and crop protection means in the haying and grazing rotation system proved to be the most cost-based (80,8-87,5%). Expenses for mineral fertilizers application for the cultivation of cereal grass mixtures exceeded the expenses for machinery and equipment in 6,1-6,4 times; the expenses for plant protection measures – in 4,7 times; labour expenses – in 15,5-16,1 times. At the same time, expenses for mineral fertilizers application for the cultivation of leguminous grass mixtures exceeded the expenses for machinery and equipment in 2,5-2,7 times; the expenses for plant protection measures – in 1,9 times; labour expenses – in 6,5-6,7 times. In course of cultivation of leguminous grass mixtures the share of costs for the mineral phosphate-potassium fertilizers application lowered on 69% in comparison with the cereal crops cultivation. Application of the biological nitrogen for the leguminous mixtures made it possible to lower the production costs of feed unit in the conditions of grazing use on 0,82-2,86%, in the conditions of grazing and cutting per years – on 2,81-3,63%, in the conditions of grazing and cutting per season – on 12,5-49,7%. Research results showed that cultivation of perennial grasses from the different maturity groups in the haying and grazing rotation system provided the most cost-profit efficiency in the conditions of the alternating use, ensured the highest output of feed unit (7,8-11,4 t/ha) and profitability level of 105,8-314,3%
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