Investigation of Desert in Sistan Baluchestan Province
2004
Hoseini Marandi, Hamid | Sandughdaran, Mohamad Hosien | Tabe, Marzieh
Factors of climate, geology, vegetation, soil, hydrology and geomorphology, directly and indirectly are important in deserts forming. The effects of these factors play important role in the determination of deserts boundaries and domain. In this investigation, dominion of deserts in Sistan and Baluchestan province from viewpoint climatic properties, geology, pedology, geomorphology and vegetation was determined individually as information layers then by overlapping of maps and all of these information layers determined dominion desert of province. Studies showed that 80.4 percent of province area is desertclimate index shows that 90.5 percent of province is as desert and semi desert. Geological consideration and geomorphologic facies, respectively explain that 17.8 and 52.03 percent of province area is desert. Soil information indicate that 31.70 percent of province is desert. From viewpoint of plant cover, about 43.10 percent of Sistan and Baluchestan province is as desert areas. Our studies show that climatic factors very important for investigation of deserts boundaries and dominion. Results show that Sistan and Baluchestan deserts are regions that receive less than 100mm precipitation and more than 2800mm evaporation annually, the average temperatures is more than 22.5 centigrade degree. Geomorphologic facies in those regions are sandy flats, sand dunes, badlands, playa and saline, alkaline, lowe depth, and sandy or heavy soil types. These regions commonly situated in the silty, clay and gipsiferous of cenozoic geological formations or on the finny, gypsy and salty sediment of quaternary. Groundwater surface in these areas is near to the ground surface or there is no any groundwater. Finally this study identifies 5 relatively homogeny desert regions in Sistan Baluchestan province including: Sistan-Zahedan-Mirjaveh, Nosratabad-North Bazman, Iranshahr-Djazmurian, Zabuli-Esfandak and Oman sea coastal desert regions.
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