An Investigation on Adoptability of Malti-purpose Olive Trees for Introduction in Temperate Regions of Ilam province
2007
Hoseinzadeh, Jaafar | Tahmasbi, Manuchehr | Sardabi, Hossein | Ebrahimi, Ali Reza
Major parts of Ilam province where is located at south west of Iran and mostly on Zagross mountains, have arid and semi-arid climates and similar condition as the Mediterranean region. Furthermore they contain natural stands and individual trees of olive. The aim of the study was to identify the most adaptive and resistant varieties of olive (Olea europaea L.) to semi-rain fed condition of warm climate parts of Ilam province of Iran. Olive is a multipurpose species and can be widely planted by the local people if it can show outstanding performance in such harsh condition. For this reason, a trial under randomized complete blocks design with four replications, 5 x 5 m. spacing, limited irrigation operation (only first year) and three treatments (three local olive varieties: Dezfuli, Roughani and zard) was conducted in 2002 at Mehran township. A scaly water catchment system was used to support the olive establishment. Phenology, growth and survival of the seedlings were recorded annually at the end of dry period and analyzed statistically. The environment characteristics were as follows: Altitude: 175 m asl, longitude: 46�' E., latitude: 33򖛦' N., annual rainfall: 352 mm. temperature (mean annual: 22.3 C, abs. min.: 2.0C and abs. max: 52C), climate: dry warm, frozen days: four, annual evaporation: 3400 mm and soil (texture: silty sand, pH: 7.3 and EC: 2.96 ds/m). The results showed that at end of the trial (2006) the most resistant olive variety was Roughani with survival of 55 %, whereas the two other varieties has the survival of 41.6% for zard and 27.5 % for dezfuli. The mean height, crown cover diameter and collar diameter of the olives were 170, 144 and 10 cm, respectively.
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