Grain quality assessment of organic and inorganically-grown rice
2008
Aquino, D. V., Philippine Rice Research Inst., Maligaya, Science City of Munoz, 3119 Nueva Ecija (Philippines). Rice Chemistry and Food Science | Tibayan, P. A. | Regala, S. R. H. | Asis, C. A. Jr., Philippine Rice Research Inst. Maligaya, Science City of Munoz, 3119 Nueva Ecija (Philippines). Rice Chemistry and Food Science Div. | Javier, E. F., Philippine Rice Research Inst. Maligaya, Science City of Munoz, 3119 Nueva Ecija (Philippines). Agronomy, Soils, and Plant Physiology Div. | Bandonill, E. H., Philippine Rice Research Inst. Maligaya, Science City of Munoz, 3119 Nueva Ecija (Philippines). Rice Chemistry and Food Science Div.
The claim for greater health benefits from rice produced under organic condition contributes to its increased demand in the local and international markets. The grain quality and nutritive value of Philippine rice cultivars grown both organically and inorganically have not been fully assessed, hence, this study. With seven treatments of organic and inorganic fertilizers, rice samples cultivated within four cropping seasons were evaluated for grain quality and mineral content. Rice applied with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) consistently obtained higher head rice recovery (38.50-47.83%) compared to other treatments (29.33-46.28%). Unfortunately, it also had inferior physical attributes due to high chalky grains (8.37-13.12%). Furthermore, the raw rice color (grayish), cooked rice texture, and overall acceptability of this sample were negatively affected by its significantly higher crude protein content (8.98-9.34%). Treatment without fertilizer (control) produced rice with whiter color resulting in higher mean sensory score. The amylose content and gelatinization temperature of rice did not vary with fertilizer used. The lowest crude fat content was obtained from rice applied with carbonized rice hull. Evaluation of mineral content showed the highest calcium level (262.91 ppm) for rice fertilized with straw + effective microorganism inoculant (RS +EM1) and lowest (140.79 ppm) for chicken manure (CM). Magnesium was found to be highest in RS (514.60 ppm) while lowest in CM (420.64 ppm). This study also showed that although rice applied with organic fertilizers had lower milling recovery, it had superior physical attributes and sensory properties than rice treated with inorganic fertilizer.
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