Effect of sulphur and nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) | Vliv síry a dusíku na výnos a kvalitu máku setého (Papaver somniferum L.)
2009
Richter, R., Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univ., Brno (Czech Republic) | Škarpa, P. | Lošák, T. | Hlušek, J. | Kráčmar, S., Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně (Czech Republic)
Results of a three-year field trial with poppy confirmed the positive effect of combined application of N and S as it increased their content in the plants. At the same time the content of cysteine, methionine and of some other basic amino acids increased too. In soils which contain less than 15 mg/kg S of soil, sulphur enhances the utilisation of nitrogen by poppy plants by 17-20% on the average and so improving the economy of poppy production. Treatments involving nitrogen fertilisation increased seed yields statistically significantly (p lt 0.01). The favourable nutritional status of the plants under optimal weather conditions and good state of health of the stand had no statistically significant (p lt 0.05) effect on seed production when increasing rates of sulphur were applied. A rate of 50 kg per ha S had a positive effect when the yields were in excess of 1.5 t of seeds per ha and resulted in a relative increase in yields by 8.7%. Even if the utilisation of nitrogen by the plants was higher, on average by 15%, sulphur fertilisation did not significantly increase the number of capsules on the plant but positively influenced the weight of poppy straw. In poppy varieties used in the food industry neither nitrogen nor sulphur influenced the content of morphine in poppy straw.
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