Fuels - Furnace Technology
2008
Lasselsberger, L., Hoehere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt fuer Landwirtschaft, Landtechnik und Lebensmitteltechnologie Francisco Josephinum, Wieselburg (Austria). Biomass, Logistics, Technology BLT
Austria has a long tradition in the use of biomass as an energy source and in the standardisation of furnaces and fuels. As early as 1981, on the initiative of the NÖ Umweltschutzanstalt (Environmental Protecton Institute of Lower Austria), the first steps were taken in the Air-Pollution Control Standards Committee (FNA 139) to limit emissions from straw furnaces. Subsequently, numerous standards in the fields of Energy Economics (FNA 093), Heating Systems (FNA 058) and Biomass (FNA 241) were created. All these standards in general represent the state of the art, and of course also influence development in both the fuel-preparation and furnace- technology sectors. The creation of a uniform European standard on requirements for boilers was of key importance for the development of the furnaces. Central-heating boilers of traditional design (continuous-combustion boilers) were replaced in the mid 1980s by blower-supported boilers, and subsequently by induced-draft fan boilers. The provision of fine wood chips with a grain size of approx. 30 mm ushered in the development of low-output wood-chip furnaces. Pellet furnaces were developed from 1995 onwards based on these wood-chip furnaces. Modern wood furnaces can be operated with great convenience and energy efficiency, as well as with low emissions.
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