Assessing efficiency of natural agents and plant products in controling root knot nematodes
2010
Fatemy, S., Nematology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Teheran Irán
Root knot nematodes are one of the most detrimental pests of agricultural crops in Iran, continuous growing of susceptible hosts of these nematodes increases populations to economic damaging levels. In recent years due to rising nematode problems, nematicides have been used extensively specially on greenhouse and plastic tunnel products. Therefore, developing effective non - chemical control measures are essential for reducing chemical treatmentes and safe economic production. Several isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia var. chlamydosporia have shown promising results in reducing reproduction of species of Heterodera and Meloidogyne in vitro and on different hosts in greenhouse conditions. There are variations between strains in their growth at different temperatures, spore production and also pathogenicity on perennial and annual hosts of Meloidogyne. Using different levels of spore densities for inoculums resulted in different rates of nematode control. Brassica plants contain glucosinolates which release effective nematicide byproducts after breakdown in soil. Different commercial cultivars of canola suppressed mobility and emergence of second stage juvenile of rootknot nematodes in vitro and nematode density on tomato in pot tests. Natural products like DL-â-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA) induce plant resistance to nematodes. In initial tests, different concentrations of these products applied as seed treatment and drench suppressed final densities of root knot nematodes on tomato in glasshouse conditions. Details of these methods will be discussed further.
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