Effects of sodium metabisulphite and citric acid on the shelf life of fresh cut sweet potatoes | Efectos del tratamiento químico en la vida útil de batatas frescas cortadas

Spanish; Castilian. Los vegetales mínimamente procesados son productos susceptibles a alteraciones fisicoquímicas y biológicas, resultando altamente perecederos. Durante el procesamiento de batatas (Ipomoea batatas Lam.), ocurren reacciones de deterioro que afectan la calidad, especialmente el cambio de color. Con el objeto de evitar o minimizar este deterioro, se estudiaron los efectos de la aplicación de agentes químicos a batatas frescas cortadas almacenadas refrigeradas, evaluando la ocurrencia de los principales cambios organolépticos, fisicoquímicos y nutricionales, y estableciendo la aceptabilidad sensorial. Los ensayos se realizaron con batatas variedad "Colorada Correntina", tratadas con sodio metabisulfito/ácido cítrico (pH = 2,91), dispuestas en bandejas de poliestireno recubiertas con film de PVC, y conservadas a 5 grados C y 10 grados C. Se registraron las variaciones de pH, acidez titulable, azúcares totales y ácido ascórbico y se evaluó el color superficial por análisis de imágenes digitales. Mediante evaluación sensorial se determinó la aceptabilidad del producto final y se realizaron recuentos microbiológicos al inicio y final de los ensayos. Durante el almacenamiento ocurrieron ligeros cambios en las características fisicoquímicas, el contenido de azúcares y ácido ascórbico, y el color superficial fue ligeramente modificado. Los atributos sensoriales fueron calificados "aceptables" por los consumidores y los recuentos microbiológicos fueron inferiores a los niveles establecidos por la legislación española. Se concluye que es posible conservar batatas "Colorada Correntina" mínimamente procesadas, tratadas con metabisulfito de sodio 2%/ácido cítrico, envasadas y conservadas a 5 grados C durante 14 días.

English. Minimally processed vegetables are products susceptible to chemical and biological changes, thus becoming highly perishable. During sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) processing, some deteriorative reactions occur affecting quality, mainly change of color. The purpose of this research is to avoid or minimize this deterioration, so the effects of application of chemical agents to fresh cut and refrigerated stored sweet potatoes were studied, evaluating the occurrence of major organoleptic, physicochemical and nutritional changes and assesing the sensory acceptability. Tests were done with sweet potato variety "Colorada Correntina", which were treated with sodium metabisulphite/citric acid (pH = 2.91), arranged in polystyrene trays film, coated with PVC, and stored at 5 deg C and 10 deg C. Variations on the titratable acidity, pH, total sugars and ascorbic acid were registered and the surface color was evaluated through digital image analysis. The final product acceptability was determined through sensory evaluation and microbiological counts carried out at the beginning and at the end of the assays. During storage, there were slight changes in physicochemical characteristics such as absorbic acid and sugar content and in surface color as well. The microbial counts were lower than the fixed levels established by the Spanish legislature. The sensory attributes were rated as "acceptable" by consumers. Finally it is possible to assert that sweet potato "Colorada Correntina" minimally processed and treated with sodium metabisulphite 2%/citric acid can be preserved, packaged and stored at 5 deg C for 14 days.