Barley, Rye, Oat and Triticale Cultivars Improved for Whole Crop Forage in Korea
2009
Park, T.I., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Han, O.K., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Seo, J.H., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Park, J.C., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Cho, S.K., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Kim, K.H., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Song, T.H., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Yun, S.K., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Park, T.I., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea | Park, K.H., National Agrobiodiversity Center, NAAS, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, J.G., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Iksan, Republic of Korea
We introduce the barley, rye, oat and triticale cultivars developed for forage in Republic of Korea. Especially, barley is recently replaced forage instead of food during last decade. In an effort to breed varieties that are useful for forage production, we are focusing on high biomass, early maturity and livestock preferred characters such as the hood, awnless, smooth awn type as well as high nutrient value. We have developed 9 whole crop barley cultivars for forage use since 2002 and they showed higher forage yield and silage quality. They showed about 10~12 MT ha-¹ in dry matter yield (average 33 ton ha-¹ in fresh matter yield). Rye has developed cultivars with early heading and high-biomass of two cropping systems, rye-rice or rye-maze. These dry matter yield were ranged about 7~9 MT ha-¹ at the heading time, April 23. Most of oats are also used for livestock feed. We have developed 6 forage oat cultivars with earliness, winter hardiness, high yield and better forage quality since 2001. Winter oats was ranged 10~13MT ha-¹ in dry matter yield and summer oats was about 6 MT ha-¹. Triticale also provides an excellent high yielding alternative to forage barley and oat. Tolerance to bad environmental conditions is the primary advantage that triticale have over other forage crops. The dry matter yield of triticale harvested at May 25 after heading 20 days averaged 16 ton ha-¹. In the present study, we described the breeding process and main traits of these barleys, rye, oats and triticale cultivars in Republic of Korea.
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